Cad é Solas Ultraivialait?
Is cuid de speictream ar a dtugtar an Speictream Leictreamaighnéadach é solas, a áiríonn freisin Gáma-ghathanna, X{0}}ghathanna, radaíocht ultraivialait agus infridhearg, micreathonnta agus tonnta raidió.
The Electromagnetic Spectrum is the way scientists refer to a stream of energy (photons). Photons move in waves. The gap between these waves is governed by how much energy the photon has. Big gaps (long waves) indicate lower energy and small gaps (short waves) indicate higher energy. To make it easier to understand, this stream of energy is split into groups according to the gap between the waves - the "wavelength".
Radio waves (long wavelength, low energy) can have as much as a kilometre between each wave whereas at the other end of the spectrum, with visible and ultraviolet light (short wavelength, high energy) the gap is so small it's measured in nm (nanometers – 1 thousand of a millionth of a metre!).
The human eye can see radiation with wavelengths from 400 to 700 nanometers (nm), and so we refer to this as "visible light". Ultraviolet light has a shorter wavelength than visible light, and cannot be seen by humans although for many animals, including reptiles, vision extends well into the ultraviolet.
Ar an léaráid thíos is féidir leat a fheiceáil conas a luíonn solas ultraivialait isteach sa speictream leictreamaighnéadach.
Go traidisiúnta, roinntear solas ultraivialait i dtrí chatagóir, UVA, UVB agus UVC.
UVA (320-400nm) is an important component of sunlight, and is supplied in small amounts by "ordinary" household bulbs (incandescent lights) and by lighting often described as "full spectrum" light. Larger amounts are supplied by all specialist ultraviolet lamps.
UVA is part of the visible spectrum for reptiles; they see colours and patterns differently to us because of this extra dimension to their vision. Some reptiles rely upon UVA light to identify individuals of their own species by their UVA-reflective markings; many plants and insects also have distinctive UVA reflectance and "patterns" which enable reptiles to recognise them.
Léiríonn reiptílí a nochtar do sholas UVA iompraíocht shóisialta mhéadaithe agus leibhéil ghníomhaíochta, tá claonadh níos mó acu le bascadh agus le beathú agus is dóichí go ndéanfaidh siad atáirgeadh freisin toisc go bhfuil éifeacht dearfach ag solas UVA ar an bhfaireog pineal, struchtúr atá íogair don solas díreach faoi bhun. an inchinn a fhreagraíonn do mhéadú agus laghdú solas an lae leis na séasúir athraitheacha.
UVB (280-320nm) is found in natural sunlight. The atmosphere blocks wavelengths below 290nm so on the earth's surface, the UVB range is from 290 - 320nm. UVB is blocked almost completely by ordinary glass and by most plastics, so it does not pass through windows or the sides of glass vivaria.
It is not provided by normal household lighting or most so-called "full spectrum" lights, but nowadays there is an ever improving and expanding range of lights that can supply UVB in the vivarium.
Tá fianaise ag dul i méid gur féidir le reiptílí UVB a bhrath i ndáiríre, cé nach bhfuil cinnte an bhfuil sé le feiceáil dóibh i ndáiríre.
Úsáideann go leor speiceas reiptílí, go háirithe laghairteanna laethúla a bhíonn ag bárr faoi sholas na gréine, radaíocht UVB, thart ar 290 go 315 nm, chun an grianghraf-bithshintéis de réamh-vitimín D3 (cholecalciferol) i an craiceann. Má bhaintear an tonnfhad áirithe seo de radaíocht ultraivialait d’reiptílí den sórt sin, tá siad i mbaol easnamh vitimín D a fhorbairt, a d’fhéadfadh a bheith léirithe mar neamhord cnámh meitibileach, galar millteach agus marfach go minic a fheictear go rómhinic i lizards níos mó mar iguanas agus féasóg. dragain.
D'fhéadfadh éifeachtaí tairbheacha eile a bheith ag UVB. Tá sé léirithe go spreagann sé táirgeadh béite-endorphins i gcraiceann an duine, rud a fhágann go bhfuil braistint mhaith ann. Níl aon chúis le ceapadh go dtarlaíonn an próiseas seo i ndaoine amháin.
UVC (180-280nm) is harmful to living cells; it is naturally filtered from sunlight by the ozone layer, and is never required, nor should be permitted, in artificial lighting.